IGG :Immunoglobulin is a protein that acts as an antibody and is created by plasma cells and lymphocytes. Immunoglobins assumes a pivotal role in the body’s immune system as they help the body get rid of bacteria and microbes by attaching themselves to such outside substances and eliminating them. Immunoglobins can live either on the peripherals of the cells or can  circulate openly in the blood. It is the circulating immunoglobulins that are termed as antibodies.

Immunoglobins are divided into different types called isotypes. There are five Immunoglobulin Isotypes which are – IgA, IgD, IgE, IgG and IgM. The different types of Immunoglobulins have diverse natural properties, area of functioning and reaction to the various types of antigens.

Immunoglobulin G or IgG is one of the isotypes of Immunoglobulin. IgG is one of the most common antibodies in the blood circulation and represents nearly 75% of serum antibodies. The Immunoglobulin G is produced by plasma B cells and is crucial to the protection of body tissues against infection. It also protects the foetus in the utero from any infection. Immunoglobulin G is also responsible for the regulation of allergic reactions and can also prevent IgE mediated anaphylaxis. There are four subtypes of IgG named – IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 and IgG4.

In some people owing to certain health condition the body produces low level of Immunoglobulin G causing IgG deficiency. People with IgG deficiency are prone to infections like;

• Sinus infection
• Gastrointestinal Infection
• Ear Infection
• Pneumonia
• Bronchitis
• Infections leading to throat infections

IgG deficiency can be seen in people suffering from kidney damage, leukaemia or other infections that makes the immune system weak making the body susceptible to further infections.

High levels of IgG means chronic infection like HIV/AIDS. The elevated IgG levels can also be due to Multiple sclerosis, autoimmune disorder and some types of cancer.

The Immunoglobulin G test also known by several names like IgG Serum, Quantitative IgG, IgG Test and Serum. It is a simple blood test that measures the level of Immunoglobulin G antibodies in the blood. The IgG Serum test is performed to determine the presence of any infection in the body and the level of immunity of our body.

There are several reasons that necessitate the use of the IgG test like;

• It helps in ascertaining whether the individual has been exposed to illness or not.
• It helps in determining the immunity level post recovery from an illness or post vaccination.
• This test is also helpful in chronic inflammation cases
• In recurring infection cases
• If the infection caused is assumed to be due to IgG antibodies.

No special preparation is required for this test, although it is advised to inform your doctors.

The Immunoglobulin G test is a fairly simple blood test that requires blood sample, which is usually drawn out from the veins of the forearm. This blood sample is then sent for pathological testing.